---
title: 4.3.9 Integration (HH)
description: "![](https://isovists.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Int-1280x255.jpg) Integration (HH) is a normalised version of Mean Visual Depth (Hillier & Hanson, 1984). It standardises for plan size based on a user-set unit scale and results in values between the range 0-infinity, allowing for comparison between different plan…"
url: "https://isovists.org/user-guide/4-3-9-integration-hh/"
updated: "2024-02-15"
category: 4 How the Calculations Work / 4.3 Space Syntax Measure Definitions
---

# 4.3.9 Integration (HH)

![](https://isovists.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Int-1280x255.jpg)

Integration (HH) is a normalised version of Mean Visual Depth (Hillier & Hanson, 1984). It standardises for plan size based on a user-set unit scale and results in values between the range 0-infinity, allowing for comparison between different plan configurations. A high value represents strongly integrated space, and a low value indicates segregated space. 

The Isovist_App determines Integration (HH) by normalising mean visual depth at point ‘V’ in plan using Hiller and Hanson’s ‘d-value’. The method is the inverse of that used to find ‘real relative asymmetry’ (Teklenburg, 1993).  In notation form the calculation for Integration (HH) is expressed as: 

![](https://isovists.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Inthh-1280x691.png)

*Where ‘k’  is the total number of units of subject area as defined by the user’s scale settings*