---
title: 5.3 Bibliography
description: "Benedikt, M. (1979). ‘To Take Hold of Space: Isovists and Isovist Fields’. *Environment and Planning B*. v6: pp.47-65. Bungiu, Francisc & Hemmer, Michael & Hershberger, John & Huang, Kan & Kröller, Alexander. (2014). Efficient Computation of Visibility Polygons. arXiv e-prints…"
url: "https://isovists.org/user-guide/5-3-bibliography/"
updated: "2024-02-15"
category: 5 Reference and Support
---

# 5.3 Bibliography

Benedikt, M. (1979). ‘To Take Hold of Space: Isovists and Isovist Fields’. *Environment and Planning B*. v6: pp.47-65.

Bungiu, Francisc & Hemmer, Michael & Hershberger, John & Huang, Kan & Kröller, Alexander. (2014). Efficient Computation of Visibility Polygons. arXiv e-prints https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014arXiv1403.3905B

Dalton, R and Dalton, N. (2001) ‘OmniVista:an application for isovist field and path analysis’ *3rd International Space Syntax Symposium*, Atlanta, Georgia 

Dalton, R. (2003) ‘The Secret Is To Follow Your Nose Route Path Selection and Angularity’, *Environment and Behavior.* v35: pp. 107 - 131 for a discussion of the relevance of angular integration in spatial exploration

Freeman, L. (1977) 'A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness’, *Sociometry 40,* 35-41. pp. 37

Gibson, JJ (1979), The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception, Boston, MT:Houghton, Mifflin & Co.

Hillier, B., Burdett, R., Peponis, J., Penn, A. (1987), ‘Creating Life: Or, Does Architecture Determine Anything? ‘*Architecture et Comportement/Architecture and Behaviour* , 3 (3) 233 - 250. pp.237

Hillier, B. and Hanson, J. (1984), ‘The Social Logic of Space’, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. pp.108-109 

[Hiller, B. (1996, 2007). ‘Space is the Machine: A configurational Theory of Architecture’, UCL Press](http://spaceisthemachine.com).

Hillier, B. (2009), ‘Spatial sustainability in cities: organic patterns and sustainable forms.’ *Koch, D. and Marcus, L. and Steen, J., (eds.) Proceedings of the 7th International Space Syntax Symposium*. pp. k01.3-4

McElhinney, S. (2024) ‘Mean Aggregate Isovist Cascade Analysis; a temporal approach to spatial analysis.’ *14th International Space Syntax Symposium*, Nicosia, Cyprus

Penn, A. (2003). ‘Space Syntax And Spatial Cognition: Or Why the Axial Line?’ *Environment and Behavior.* v35: pp.30 - 65 

Peponis, J; Wineman, J; Rashid, M; Hong Kim, S; Bafna, S. (1997) ‘On the description of shape and spatial configuration inside buildings: convex partitions and their local properties’;  *Environment and Planning B.* v24: pp. 761-781

Psarra, S and McElhinney, S. (2014) ‘Just around the corner from where you are: Probabilistic isovist fields, inference and embodied projection’, The Journal of Space Syntax, v5: pp. 109-132

Rong, G and Tan, T. (2006) ‘Jump Flooding in GPU with Applications to Voronoi Diagram and Distance Transform’, *The Proceedings of ACM Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games (i3D 2006)*, pp. 109--116, pp. 228

Teklenburg, J; Timmermans, H; Wagenberg, A. (1993) ‘Space Syntax: Standardised Integration Measures and Some Simulations’. *Environment and Planning B.*v20: pp. 347 - 357

Turner, A; Doxa, M; O'Sullivan, D; Penn, A. (2001a). "From isovists to visibility graphs: a methodology for the analysis of architectural space". *Environment and Planning B*. v28: pp.103–121, 

Turner, A, (2001b). ‘Depthmap: a program to perform visibility graph analysis’, *Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Space Syntax*, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia

Turner, A and Penn, A. (2002). ‘Encoding Natural Movement as an Agent-Based System: An Investigation into Human Pedestrian Behaviour in the Built Environment’  Environment and Planning B V29, pp. 473 - 490